近三十年来中国水库时空变迁及其效应分析

何镇宇,宋松

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PDF(4677 KB)
广州大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2020, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (4) : 75-87.
论文

近三十年来中国水库时空变迁及其效应分析

  • 何镇宇,宋松
作者信息 +

Temporal and spatial variations of reservoirs in China and their effects analysis in the past 30 years

  • HEZhen-yu,SONGSong
Author information +
History +

摘要

水库具有重要的自然生态与经济社会价值.近年来人类活动对水库的时空干扰愈加强烈.文章基于1990年至2015年多期高分辨率遥感影像,结合多源数据,建立全国多期水库动态数据库,对近三十年来中国水库的数量及其空间分布规律开展动态监测,揭示高强度人类活动干扰下中国水库的时空演变过程.基于水库空间分布的异质性与关联性,利用综合方法,探讨水库各类要素的时空变化及其自然与社会响应.结果表明,受高强度人类活动影响,近三十年来我国水库数量与库容量不断上升,水库空间分布趋于分散,呈现多核心聚集的现象.大量的水库与水利工程建设创造了极大的社会经济效益,但同时因大量截留水分与沉积物,干扰流域水沙平衡过程,给生态环境带来了一系列挑战.如何实现水库经济社会效益与生态环境效益的平衡,是未来水库与水利工程研究与管理工作的重点.

Abstract

The reservoir has important natural ecological , economic and social value. In recent years, the tem- poral and spatial interference of human activities to the reservoir is more and more intense. Based on the multi- phase high-resolution remote sensing images from 1990 to 2015, combined with multi-source data, this study es- tablished a national multi-phase dynamic database of reservoirs, to dynamically monitor the number and spatial distribution of reservoirs in China in recent 30 years,and revealed the spatiotemporal evolution process of reser- voirs in China under the interference of high-intensity human activities. Based on the heterogeneity and correla- tion of spatial distribution of reservoirs,the temporal and spatial changes of various factors of reservoirs and their natural and social responses are discussed by using comprehensive methods. The results show that under the in- fluence of high-intensity human activities, the number and capacity of reservoirs in China have been increasing in recent 30 years, and the spatial distribution of reservoirs tends to be dispersed,showing the phenomenon of multi-core aggregation. A large number of reservoirs and water conservancy projects have created great economic and social benefits, but at the same time, due to a large number of intercepted water and sediment, they inter- fere with the process of water and sediment balance, and bring a series of challenges to the ecological environ- ment. How to achieve the balance between the economic and social benefits and the ecological and environmen- al benefits of reservoirs is the focus of the future research and of significance to the management of reservoirs and water conservancy projects.

关键词

中国水库 / 时空变化 / 效应分析

Key words

Chinese reservoir / temporal and spatial variation / effect analysis

引用本文

导出引用
何镇宇,宋松. 近三十年来中国水库时空变迁及其效应分析. 广州大学学报(自然科学版). 2020, 19(4): 75-87
HEZhen-yu,SONGSong. Temporal and spatial variations of reservoirs in China and their effects analysis in the past 30 years. Journal of Guangzhou University(Natural Science Edition). 2020, 19(4): 75-87

参考文献

[1] 李茂松,李森,李育慧.中国近 50年洪涝灾害灾情分析[J].中国农业气象,2004,25(1):4043. [2] 丁金水,林建新,古嫩凯,等.青海高原水库湿地及水生态保护研究[J].水生态学杂志,2010,31(2):916.

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