道德伪善是个体并非出自真实的行善动机而又害怕付出“代价”的一种行为倾向,也是现代道德心理学中重要的研究领域。道德伪善理论包括:精神分析理论、价值定向理论、社会学习理论、认知失调理论以及双加工理论。影响道德伪善的因素有:个体因素、情境因素和社会文化特征。道德伪善的研究有助于人们对道德的“双重标准”、知行脱离的行为进行反思。未来需要从各个方面对道德伪善进行研究,特别是本土化和跨文化的研究。文章对道德伪善的相关知识进行了总结梳理,以期为未来研究者提供一定的借鉴。
Abstract
Moral hypocrisy is a behavior that someone does things with no real good motives and is afraid to pay the “price”. Its an important research field in modern moral psychology. Moral hypocrisy theories include: psychoanalytic theory, value orientation theory, social learning theory, cognitive dissonance theory and dual theory. Factors that affect moral hypocrisy are individual factors, situational factors, social and cultural characteristics. The study of moral hypocrisy can help people to reflect the behavior of the “double standards”, the current direction on disengagement between moral cognition and moral behaviors. Future research on moral hypocrisy need to be done from many perspectives, such as localization and cross-culture. This paper summarizes the related knowledge of moral hypocrisy, to provide reference for future researchers.
关键词
道德伪善 /
行为矛盾 /
精神分析理论 /
认知失调理论
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Key words
moral hypocrisy /
contradictory behaviors /
psychoanalytic theory /
cognitive dissonance theory
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