Evaluation of the rule of law index is a need for the development itself, and also is the important means to promote the rule of law in China. Evaluation of the rule of law index mainly includes the system, the value, and the comprehensiveness. Different understanding of the concept of the rule of law results in different indicators systems. Delphi method is a common method for the setting of indicators of the rule of law and indicators weight, but it has some limitations. There exist positive and negative attitudes toward whether the rule of law index quantitative analysis can really represent the local level of the rule of law development. Localization of the rule of law index can not copy the international standards. It should consider the environment of growth of the rule and the social transformation. Rethinking of the evaluation theory of the rule of law index indicates that it is necessary to completely understand the rule of law index evaluation and its limits, to explore the localization pattern for the establishment of the rule of law index, to establish theories according to the empirical studies of the real situation and problems, to pay attention to regional research of the rule of law index, to strengthen the research of the categories of the rule of law index, and to highlight the empirical research of the rule of law index.