The various risks arising from acute urban events and the chronic impacts of ″big city diseases″ have significantly increased the pressure on communities on the front line of modern urban risk governance, compelling urban communities to seek more effective response measures. The application of digital intelligence technology expands the perception capabilities, application scenarios, and practice modes of community risk and resilience governance, and demonstrates effects such as simulation, scale, turbine-like, emergence, and correlation. In the digital intelligence era, from both practical and theoretical perspectives, the decision-makers, administrators, and participants of community risk governance urgently need to grasp the overall framework of digital intelligence empowerment for urban community risk resilience governance based on internal and external driving mechanisms, emergency operation mechanisms, capability enhancement mechanisms, and resource guarantee mechanisms. The focus should be on building an integrated community risk prevention and control system, expanding multi-dimensional community emergency response applications, fostering a multi-dimensional community security resilience ecosystem, and enhancing comprehensive community risk intelligence capabilities.

Intelligent discipline inspection is not only to meet the needs of power supervision in the digital age, but also to adapt to the national anti-corruption goal. Compared with digital supervision, the concept of intelligent discipline inspection and supervision emphasizes the use of intelligent technology and the humanistic care shown by technology. At present, the intelligent discipline inspection and supervision shows the practice pattern of workflow type, early warning analysis type and auxiliary case handling type, the essence of which is to build an integrated, accurate, element-oriented and holographic discipline inspection and supervision system. However, the intelligent discipline inspection and supervision also presents the imbalance of the relationship between technology and system in the institutional dimension, the expansion effect of supervision power in the power dimension, the deconstruction of supervision procedures in the procedural dimension, and the closed problem of algorithmic technology in the technical dimension. In the future, the intelligent discipline inspection and supervision should clearly define the framework for the innovation of the discipline inspection system and mechanism promoted by technology empowerment and the ″technology-driving + legal guidance″, and construct the system in a dual way of wisdom and rule of law. Specifically, it includes improving the intelligent discipline inspection and supervision normative system at the institutional level, reshaping the relationship between power and rights of the intelligent discipline inspection and supervision at the power level, controlling the technology application process in the procedural aspect, and promoting the responsiveness and responsibility of algorithmic technology at the algorithmic level.

Facing the memory crisis caused by the successive passing of Nanjing Massacre survivors and the dwindling number of living historical witnesses, the responsibility for sustaining and disseminating survivors′ memories has gradually shifted to their descendants. Due to the political situation and the ″unspeakable″ nature of the trauma, survivors remained silent about their traumatic memories for a long time until the 1980s, when the status of the Nanjing Massacre agenda was elevated. At the same time, the survivors′ active narratives catalyzed the internal transmission of massacre memories within their families. Through survivors′ oral testimonies and physical presence, supplemented by spatial sites and memorial installations beyond family settings, traumatic memories have been increasingly transmitted and embedded in the memories of their descendants. In this context, survivors′ traumatic memories constitute the cornerstone of their descendants′ autobiographical memory narratives, while the descendants achieve boundary expansion and re-contextualization of survivors′ memories through the collaborative shaping of multiple memory narratives.

Currently, disciplinary inspection and supervision agencies are facing many challenges such as a sharp increase in the number of cases and the demand of high-quality handling of cases. Empowering the disciplinary inspection and supervision agencies with artificial intelligence is a crucial method and means for seizing opportunities and addressing challenges. Artificial intelligence technology has played a conspicuous role in the panoramic management of disciplinary inspection and supervision cases, tracking case clues, improving prevention effectiveness, and intelligent analysis of similar case handling information. However, the legal risks caused by artificial intelligence technology need to be urgently addressed, including the objectivity of results affected by shortage of information data and algorithmic defects, erosion of the exclusive nature of supervisory power due to the dependence of investigators on technology, and challenge of the traditional disciplinary inspection and supervision accountability mechanisms due to algorithmic decision-making biases. Therefore, measures should be taken to improve the use of artificial intelligence to assist disciplinary inspection and supervision in handling cases, including promoting centralized and unified data resources, improving algorithm security and transparency, constructing a reasonable labor division mechanism of ″human-machine coupling″, improving the technical level of disciplinary inspection and supervision agencies, and clarifying the boundaries and allocation of human-machine responsibilities.

Artificial intelligence algorithms significantly shape discretion in grassroots governance. Automated, predictive, and generative algorithms each uniquely impact grassroots discretion. While automated algorithms may weaken discretion, predictive and generative algorithms can enhance decision-making capacity, albeit with new challenges. Further analysis shows that the impact of algorithms on grassroots discretion is complex, being moderated by individual cognition, organizational system, and organizational culture. At the individual cognitive level, grassroots staff may depend on or counter algorithms due to algorithmic or cognitive biases. At the organizational system level, the separation of algorithmic decision-making and execution affects autonomy, but internal feedback and supervision mechanisms help sustain discretion. At the organizational culture level, the control-oriented culture may restrict discretion, while an autonomy-oriented culture may enhance governance capabilities.

Through interactive narratives, AI literature reconstructs the creative paradigm of traditional literature, whose core value lies in transcending the anthropocentric model of literary production. In the era of digital intelligence, AI literature adopts the theoretical framework of ″silicon-based socialism″, redefining the symbiotic relationship between carbon-based intelligence and silicon-based intelligence, thus endowing literary creation with new characteristics driven by data logic. This innovative literary form not only surpasses traditional literature’s limitations in textualizing human experiences, but also dissolves the subject-object dichotomy inherent in conventional literary frameworks by constructing ″virtual entities″ and ″prosthetic constructs″. AI literature reshapes the egalitarian dynamics of human-machine interactions, and facilitates the emergence of a new type of human-machine community through an intersubjective communicative paradigm. This transformation involves not merely formal innovations within literature, but also profoundly interrogates existing boundaries of human subjectivity, cultural diversity, and social ethics.

Since the second half of the 20th century, the study of the history of the War of Resistance against Japan in the English-language scholarly community has undergone a series of changes, from the traditional fields of revolutionary history and political history to the detailed examination of military history and social history, as well as grassroots Sino-American relations. At the same time, the global study of the history of the War of Resistance against Japan in English has also benefited from the discovery and compilation of English historical materials from various places. In addition to the military history of the Anti-Japanese War and the re-examination of the history of Sino-American relations, the new trend of the study of the history of the Anti-Japanese War in the English-language academic community since the beginning of the 21st century is mainly reflected in the relevant research on the social history of the War and the history of daily life such as refugees, suffering, women, children, and wartime medical care. Moreover, databases represented by the ″Anti-Japanese War Literature Data Platform″ have sorted out a large number of rare English newspapers and archives of the War in recent years, laying a solid foundation for the study of the history of the War of Resistance against Japan.

Modern technology has transformed pre-modern linear time into accelerated or rapid time, making the speed dimension and dynamic mechanism of time important aspects of modernity. Drawing on phenomenology, Rosa replaces abstract time with perceptible time and identifies the essence of modern society as acceleration in the temporal aspect. He addresses various aesthetic issues in the age of acceleration from the perspective of changes in the perceptual relationship between humans and the world. The new acceleration model disrupts the original depiction of the perceptual connection between the subject and the world as portrayed by phenomenology, thereby altering the subject's experience of existence in the world. Faced with perceptual alienation and the de-temporalization of life caused by acceleration, Rosa proposes sensory resonance based on phenomenological embodiment, offering a potential aesthetic solution to the issues arising from social acceleration.

BODY is a core concept that runs through various stages of the development of ecocriticism theory, and its changing connotations reflect the shifts in research focus. Ecofeminism and postcolonial ecocriticism focus on the political nature of the body, examining the complex relationship between the body and ecological crisis from the perspectives of essentialism, constructivism, and performativity, with an emphasis on analyzing the identity differences of the body and their causes. Material ecocriticism views the body as a trans-corporeal material with narrative capacity, positing that bodily diseases and environmental pollution have an isomorphic relationship, and reveals the close connection between humans and nature from a negative perspective. In the turn toward the non-human and the posthuman, the rights of non-humans are increasingly recognized, the autonomy of the human body is undermined, and technological objects and animals challenge and subvert the hierarchical order between humans and non-humans, leading to a diversified and differentiated view of the body. The evolution of the concept of the body is not a linear process but a rhizomatic one, characterized by de-territorialization and re-territorialization, forming a rich matrix of meanings.

Previous studies of facial representation have mainly focused on static faces, with one approach being the analysis of the power mechanisms underlying the shaping and production of facial images. Currently, the relationship between digital faces and real faces is becoming increasingly strained, and the faces of the vulnerable are at risk of disintegration. ″The faceless″ refers to individuals who have lost control over their faces. They are horrified to find that their faces are being appropriated, distorted, and obscured in the digital realm. The disintegration of faces in the digital age is a result of the pervasive visual regimes driven by digital media technologies. The various forms of resistance by ″the faceless″—expressing genuine emotions to reclaim their faces, suspending technological mediation to restore their faces, and wearing digital masks to conceal their faces—pose both a challenge and a critique to these visual regimes. The face signifies the individual's position of subjectivity in social relations and interactions. When the face is vibrant, visible, and autonomous, ″the faceless″ will regain their subjectivity and reclaim their freedom and dignity.

This paper mainly takes some memoirs and oral materials of history published since the new century as the primary sources to reexamine three types of narratives about the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression from three dimensions: the personalized narrative of suffering, the narrative of cultural-oriented resistance against Japanese invasion, and the historical reflection transcending the boundaries of nation-states. From the perspective of life stories and life experiences of individuals, it intends to interpret how the Chinese intellectuals, students and the common people personally experienced, witnessed and reflected on the collective experiences and national traumas caused by the Anti-Japanese War. Furthermore, it attempts to discuss the contents presented in these memoirs and oral materials from multiple perspectives, including those of individual and state, history and memory, experience and rationality, nationalism and humanism.

In a broad sense, digital justice encompasses investigation, prosecution, adjudication and judicial administration. Within this framework, digital justice serves both as an assistive system for human judicial tasks and, potentially, as an algorithm capable of autonomous adjudicative reasoning. Accordingly, a broad-sense methodology for studying digital justice must critically review the entire case-handling process through a threefold lens: technical, doctrinal and adjudicative methods. Technically, embedding AI in adjudication promises objectivity, neutrality and efficiency. Yet it risks alienation via “algorithmic black boxes” that may frustrate fair adjudication.. Such black boxes stem from the inherent technical features of algorithms. Hence, algorithmic bias in the digital judicial process is hardly avoidable, and the verifiability of outcomes produced by digital justice remains uncertain. Doctrinally, the advent of digital technology does not subvert legal doctrine; classic categories, including the legal subject, remain valid. Doctrinal issues in the digital realm often manifest as issues within specific branches of law. Adjudicative scholarship must confront three key limitations. First, digital tools offer limited aid in fact-finding and in bridging the distance between case facts and legal norms. Second, digital justice gravitates toward uniform, similarity-driven decisions, hindering differentiated treatment of distinct cases. Third, the operational logic of digital technology may diverge from the judicial duty to decide in accordance with the law.

In the 1930s, the Nanjing Nationalist Government, which had successfully completed the Northern Expedition, issued a series of regulations prohibiting the production and screening of dialect- based sound films in line with the political goal of ″unifying the national language″. However, due to de facto administrative autonomy, Cantonese-language films de facto administrative autonomy in the Guangdong and Guangxi regions of southern China for a long time. Consequently, the retention or abolition of Cantonese-language films gradually evolved into a complex game between the film industries in southern China and Shanghai, and the Kuomintang ″Central Film Censorship Committee″. Ultimately, with the intervention of high-level officials of the Nationalist government, the ″prohibition on Cantonese-language films″ was extended until 1940 and a ″Central Film Censorship Committee Office″ was established in Guangdong. However, this policy was left unsettled amid the Japanese military 's full-scale invasion of China. Drawing on the regulatory arbitrage theory used by Canadian sinologist Michael Szonyi in his historical research, this article analyzes the strategic interactions of the three parties strategic interactions, thus providing a fresh perspective on this period of history and deeply analyzing the underlying causes of regulatory arbitrage stemming from central-local tensions, why the film industry in southern China defended its vested interests in regulatory arbitrage, and the game psychology of the film industry in Shanghai as an anticipator of new regulatory arbitrage.

Unlike any other events and battles of the Anti-Japanese War, the Nanjing Massacre was an atrocity committed by Japanese soldiers against civilians and a crime against humanity. It should be remembered in human history like the Holocaust against Jews committed by Nazi Germany, which has received worldwide concerns for 80 years. Poetic justice is more profound than legal justice. In the contemporary narratives of the Nanjing Massacre, the novels of YE Zhaoyan, FANG Wei and HA Jin, as well as the documentary of ZHANG Chunru, employ different narrative forms and exhibit different writing styles, but all point to the ultimate and unending question of human destiny or condition revealed by Malraux and Arendt.

The perception that Chinese characters are difficult to learn is widespread within the international Chinese language teaching community, and Chinese character input has been a persistent challenge in Chinese language research. In the context of the digital and intelligent era, there remain perceptual and application issues in the field of international Chinese education concerning how to view the role and impact of Chinese character input. Findings from a survey of 358 international students indicate that Chinese character input methods are gaining popularity within the international student community. The surveyed students exhibit a tendency to rely primarily on pinyin input with handwriting as a supplementary method, demonstrating an attitude of ″preferring digital writing while acknowledging the value of handwriting″ in learning Chinese characters. There are differences in the acceptance of different input methods at different stages of Chinese language learning. Nationality distribution, linguistic background, and ethnic Chinese identity have marked influences on the preferences of international students in selecting Chinese character input methods. Chinese character input methods have a positive and constructive impact on the Chinese language learning of international students, with pinyin input offering more advantages than handwriting. A preference for pinyin input helps students with their Chinese pronunciation, vocabulary, and reading, leading to positive learning perceptions that increase with the duration of study. A tendency to use handwriting input can reduce the interference of stroke order and character components in Chinese character learning for international students, helping them with their writing. We should attach importance to the opportunities and challenges brought by Chinese character input methods in the digital and intelligent era and formulate corresponding strategies in multiple areas, including the development of international Chinese education resources, updating Chinese character teaching programs, researching Chinese character input, and expanding the language industry, to promote the effective integration of Chinese character input methods with international Chinese education.

The proactive work and entrepreneurship of local governments are key to China′s remarkable economic development achievements. However, the inadequacy of past supervision and accountability mechanisms has also posed high risks of corruption due to power abuse, affecting the smooth progress of Chinese modernization. The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China emphasized the need to ″persist in governing the Party with a reform-oriented spirit and strict standards.″ Therefore, how to effectively supervise and constrain the exercise of power while motivating local governments to work and engage in entrepreneurship has become an urgent issue for the Party and state governance. Consequently, this paper constructs an analytical framework for the integration and coordination of incentives for local work and entrepreneurship with supervision and accountability, revealing the internal logic of changes in local behavior through two core variables: incentives for delegation of power and accountability for control of power. It also proposes moderately relaxing the regulation of residual rights under the mechanism of digital technology-enabled supervision and accountability to motivate local governments to actively work and engage in entrepreneurship.

There are a lot of literary works, especially in Southeast Asia and North America, on the Anti-Japanese War in the Sinophone literature. Due to their identity transformation from ″overseas Chinese″ to ″Chinese″, the Southeast Asian Chinese writers experienced an ideological evolution from the Chinese nationalist stance to the identity of the emerging nation-state when they wrote about the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, which had a profound impact on their narrative form from the traditional chapter-by-chapter style to the modernist/postmodernist narrative style. When creating literary works on the Anti-Japanese War, Sinophone writers in North America tended to, in a way of ″response″ and ″recalling″, describe stories of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression by incorporating democratic ideas, reviewing the history of the Anti-Japanese War, expressing female trauma, and focusing on identity recognition, and form a global vision through cross-domain writing and universal expression. The narrative form of the anti-Japanese War themes in North American Chinese literature showed a trend of evolution from traditional simple realism to refined realism.

In the postwar period, Japan propagated the Hiroshima memory centered on the suffering of the weak, strategically employing the imagery of ″womanhood″ to construct an innocent victimhood narrative in the context of the atomic bombing. Within atomic bomb literature and arts, gendered representations are conspicuously foregrounded—figures such as the ″Hiroshima maiden″ and the ″Hiroshima mother″ are deliberately emphasized as political tropes. The ″maiden″, as a symbol of nuclear victimhood, seeks to evoke an international perception of Hiroshima as a helpless sacrifice, while postwar discourses surrounding the ″mother″ further reinforce the historical memory of ordinary Japanese citizens as victims of militarist aggression. By instrumentalizing this framework of memory domination, Japan extends the archetype of women as ″pure and blameless″ peace advocates to the entire populace, thereby obscuring its wartime perpetration and resisting national accountability. Women thus become fully enmeshed in sustaining the myth of Japanese collective victimhood, spanning both wartime and postwar narratives. Simultaneously, the trope of ″womanhood″ operates not only as a metonym for Hiroshima but also as an allegory for Japan itself—a nation rhetorically recast as passive, wounded, and morally untainted.

The public′s sense of gain in anti-corruption work is a key index for evaluating the effectiveness of anti-corruption work, and there is a close relationship between government information disclosure and public′s sense of gain in anti-corruption work. By constructing an analytical framework based on the social interconstruction theory and conducting an empirical analysis of the CSS2019 survey data, it is found that disclosure of government information helps to resolve the problem of information asymmetry in the principal-agent relationship, and has a significant positive impact on the sense of gain in anti-corruption work. Meanwhile, exposure to online information will increase the negative impression of the public about the effectiveness of the government′s anti-corruption work. From the perspective of intermediary effect, disclosure of government information helps to improve the public′s perception of social equity, enhance the public′s institutional participation, thereby improving the public′s sense of gain in anti-corruption work. Looking to the future, we should prioritize the public demand-driven transparency, establish a government information supply system that meets the heterogeneous needs of individuals, reasonably allocate anti-corruption work attention, and regulate political participation forms, so as to continuously and effectively enhance the public′s sense of gain in anti-corruption work.

In modern Yue dialects, the common interrogative pronouns for questioning people are ″biange″ (边个), ″mieshui″ (乜谁), and ″mieren″ (乜人). Their geographical distribution is characterized as follows: ″biange″ has the widest distribution range and is concentrated in the Pearl River Delta of Guangdong and along the Xijiang River in Guangxi; ″mieshui″ is relatively common in coastal areas of Guangdong and is sporadically distributed in the central and northern parts of Guangdong and eastern Guangxi; ″mieren″ is mainly distributed in southeastern Guangxi and sporadically found in western Guangdong. Their diachronic evolution in Cantonese is roughly as follows: ″mieshui″ appeared as early as the early Qing Dynasty, was the dominant term from the early 19th century to the 1880s, and was replaced by ″biange″ from the late 19th century to the early 20th century; ″mieren″ has been in a secondary role since its appearance in the mid-19th century. The geographical distribution pattern of interrogative pronouns in modern Yue dialects corresponds to their diachronic evolution in Cantonese. The commonly used terms ″mieshui″ and ″biange″ are derived from ancient Chinese and include innovations within the dialects themselves. One important reason why ″biange″ replaced ″mieshui″ is the influence of the regional linguistic environment. It is likely that the earliest interrogative pronoun in Cantonese was shui (谁).

The essence of interest expression on the Internet is characterized by dissemination. In different contexts of interest infringement, interest holders, guided by instrumental rationality, adopt differentiated dissemination strategies. When public interests are undermined, they tend to adopt a fragmented narrative mode to achieve group mobilization and action integration. When minority interests are undermined, they are more likely to resort to a narrative of suffering to achieve media mobilization through emotional resonance. The common goal of these strategies is to shape public opinion and thereby maximize the realization of their interests. An analysis of the psychological motivations and strategic interactions behind the dissemination mechanisms on the Internet provides theoretical support for media guidance and policy formulation, and has significant implications for advancing the modernization of national governance and fostering collaborative governance between the state and society.

In June 1920, the murder of Wang Lianying, a famous prostitute, by Yan Ruisheng, an unemployed young man in Shanghai, triggered a wave of cross-media cultural production in early 20th-century China. Initially, as a piece of social news, the case sparked urban panic. Subsequently, led by tabloid writers, it was reinterpreted through popular literary forms such as drama, Yuan-Yang Butterfly novels, and films, quickly becoming a popular cultural consumer product in Shanghai. Surrounding the film ″Yan Ruisheng,″ nationalist sentiments and concerns about its negative social impact rapidly fermented in the public opinion, leading to a suppressive and resistant dynamic in the media discourse. This further sparked disputes between Chinese and foreign authorities over the banning of the film, reflecting micro-level power game between Chinese and foreign administrations. The process of media production and dissemination of the ″Lianying Case″ demonstrates the logic of media capital production, the disciplinary process of media ethics under the influence of political forces, and also revealed the complex power relations between the Chinese and foreign administrations in Shanghai and mass media consumption.

Digital twin technology, as an emerging digital concept and technical tool, has been widely recognized for its immense potential in disaster management. A case study from Shanghai demonstrates that by enabling a high-precision digital mapping of physical cities, this technology drives a paradigm shift in resilient urban governance. While significantly enhancing urban resilience and adaptability, its application also faces structural risks. These can be addressed through a five-pronged action strategy to systematically enhance city digital resilience. Research shows that digital twin technology markedly strengthens modern urban resilience through scenario reconstruction, structural transformation, and action empowerment. Future urban development requires deep integration with urban cultural and geographical context, supported by scalable urban system architecture for technological iteration. With safety-centric resilience as the core objective, cities can progress from localized optimization to city-wide synergy in resilience building.

The stable supply of meat is crucial for social welfare and livelihood protection as well as for economic stability and smooth operation. As a strategic resource for responding to major emergencies, the reserve meat supply chain faces challenges such as weak resilience and limited emergency supply capabilities. With the frequent occurrence of emergencies and the evolving interplay among risk types, traditional classifications of emergency types are no longer sufficient to fully reflect the complexity of risk propagation and impact mechanisms. Under emergency conditions, the reserve meat supply chain exhibits distinct response characteristics, such as short-chain characteristics and bottom-line support functions. The risk formation mechanism can be systematically analyzed through a supply chain deformation model based on ″points of action—direction of action—magnitude of action.″ The study shows that the resilience of the reserve meat supply chain can be summarized into 14 key factors, covering four capability dimensions: prevention, response, recovery, and learning. This forms a practical and operational resilience assessment framework. In the process of systemic resilience building, supply chain visibility, coordination efficiency, and response flexibility serve as critical elements. Promoting the transition of the reserve meat supply chain from passive risk management to systemic resilience building is an essential pathway for enhancing national food reserve governance and improving emergency response capabilities.

The values of good faith, care, and fairness inherent in civil pre-contractual obligations resonate with the modern administrative rule of law, and justify culpa in contrahendo liability when administrative authorities wrongfully impede valid agreement formation. Current rules disproportionately address performance disputes but overlook pre-contractual legal relations. Introducing culpa in contrahendo remedies for deficiencies in contractual breach liability and administrative compensation, and advance substantive dispute resolution. Institutional reform should integrate this liability into a diversified remedial framework accessible through administrative litigation. Where specific administrative statutes are absent, civil law principles shall govern compensation for failed agreement formation, invalidity, and revocation, prioritizing reliance interest—though agreements defective due to lacking approval requirements may exceptionally warrant expectation-interest compensation. Importantly, such liability must be limited where statutory pre-contractual duties remain unperformed, safeguarding the principle of legality.

In the Ming dynasty, officials and gentry commonly printed books and presented them together with handkerchiefs as a refined Shupa phenomenon in social activities among literati. However, influenced by the prevailing bribery and corruption, this originally clean and elegant practice of exchanging books gradually evolved into a form of covert bribery in which gold and silver were concealed within the books and handkerchiefs. The transformation of book-and-handkerchief exchanges from a literati courtesy into an official malpractice profoundly reflected the complex interaction between traditional ritual and bureaucratic practice. Initially, the costs of Shupa were borne by the officials themselves, but over time, the expenses were shifted to the public under the guise of ″miscellaneous expenses,″ becoming an institutionalized means for officials to exploit the people. What distinguished Shupa from the ordinary bribery lied in the fact that it was not only tacitly tolerated by law but also disguised the essence of interest exchange through ritual convention. The Shupa phenomena reflected the degeneration of the traditional social idea of ″governance through ritual and law″ into a negative practice of ″collusion between ritual and law,″ where etiquette and custom became the institutional basis for rent-seeking, and interpersonal ethics were transformed into interest transactions under ″unwritten rules.″ This ″systemic corruption″ implied in Shupa was both a flexible way to maintain the interests of the bureaucratic group and an erosion of the foundation of ruling legitimacy, making it a typical example in the study of corrupt practices during the Ming and Qing dynasties.

Zhu Guangqian's early thought formed a philosophical view of the ″organic personality theory,″ characterized by three elements: ″organic, holistic, and creative evolution,″ and integrating three aspects: ″art, life, and the universe.″ From this basic standpoint, Zhu Guangqian's ″aestheticization of life″ refers to revealing the authentic understanding of the self and the universe through aesthetic contemplation. Zhu Guangqian shifted from the study of scientific psychology to the study of literary psychology and from following the formalist aesthetic ″mechanical view″ to forming his own ″organic, holistic, and creative evolution″ philosophical view, constituting two intellectual turns. It was during the latter turn that Zhu Guangqian, based on the long-term intellectual fermentation, absorbed Croce's concept of ″intuition as lyrical expression,″ Bergson's concept of ″life as the creative evolution of personality,″ and Nietzsche's concept of ″redemption through form.″ He integrated these concepts into his philosophy of ″organic personality theory″ on the basis of traditional Chinese philosophical views of ″Tian-Ren″ (Heaven-Human), ″Knowledge-Action,″ and ″Dahua″ (Great Change).

In the mid-to-late 1960s, the streets of Hong Kong saw a surge of young people who were sporting long hair, becoming a highly visible phenomenon and trend in Hong Kong society at the time. The emergence of Hong Kong′s long-haired youth not only highlighted the immense influence of hippie culture but also represented a new phenomenon generated within Hong Kong′s social context, involving multiple factors such as economic development and population growth. Writers Liu Yichang, Xi Xi, and Ye Si all depicted long-haired youth in their respective works from the 1970s, creating rich portrayals of Hong Kong′s long-haired youth that reflected different perspectives and writing styles. The long-haired youth of Hong Kong in the 1960s and 1970s became a collective memory for Hong Kong people of that era. They profoundly influenced Hong Kong literature and culture by promoting identity construction and group recognition among Hong Kong′s youth, as well as consolidating and developing local consciousness among Hong Kong residents.

Chairs for research on the Holocaust were established in only two universities in Germany: the Goethe University in Frankfurt, where the first professorship has been created since 2017, followed by the Justus Liebig University in Giessen. Of all the courses on the Holocaust taught in German universities, only one-third focus on the actual historical events. Currently, there are no German universities offering a Master of Arts program on the Holocaust. Although the Holocaust is an international field of research, there are no appointments of international scholars to senior positions in German academia, which remains parochial and inward-looking. This article provides a critical review of the current state of university teaching, institutional infrastructure, memorial sites and historical research on the Holocaust in Germany, and the future challenges facing the field.

″Affection Based on Mingfen″was a notion Hu Shih first put forward in 1918. Its earlier form was the idea of ″mingfen-generated love″ that he had coined in the United States in 1914 to distinguish it from the Western ideal of ″self-made love″. Because the formula deviates from the Enlightenment discourse of free romantic love, it is usually read as Hu Shi′s self-defence for accepting an arranged match. Yet a close look at his own marriage to Jiang Dongxiu shows that the traditional mingfen did breed authentic affection. ″Affection Based on mingfen″ inverts the classical binary of qing (sentiment) and li (propriety). The canonical formula ″originating in qing and restrained by li″ (fa hu qing, zhi hu li) is turned into ″originating in li and fulfilled by qing″. The mingfen imposed by an arranged marriage is only the initially involuntary starting-point from which affection may grow; free personal choice remains the necessary condition for love to reach completion. For Hu Shih, love — whether ″self-made″ or generated by mingfen — must in the end be validated by individual freedom. Thus ″affection out of mingfen″ weaves a thread through past and present, East and West, outlining an eternal tradition of ″creating and expressing emotion through freedom″.

With the development of urban tourism, the memory of city streets and lanes has become a complex system. As an interactive and symbiotic collection of comforts, the urban scene composed of residents′ daily-life world has a bidirectional function and value for host and guest. The smoothness of residents′ place use affects their sense of homeliness, and the generation of homeliness deeply depends on communicative memory in daily-life interactions. ″Viewing places″ as a form of tourist memory is a way of finding ″homeliness″ in the everyday scenes of the visited place. The excavation and preservation of intergenerational places that sustain residents′ cultural and emotional memory are not only an important way to generate residents′ homeliness, but also a powerful means to reshape tourists′ experience of homeliness and construct a familiar place.

Advancements in information and communication technology and computer graphics have facilitated the integration of adaptive personalized educational games into mathematics instruction to enhance students′ mathematical learning performance and mathematical abilities. Based on a single-group pretest-posttest research design, this empirical study employed a personalized mathematics educational game (Reflex^TM), which was designed to train basic arithmetic skills among lower-grade primary school students, to investigate how individual differences in verbal and visuospatial working memory capacity and in executive functions influence students′ mastery of mathematical operations. Findings indicate that visual-spatial working memory capacity, along with inhibitory control and task-shifting abilities within executive function, serve as significant predictors of mathematical performance gains in the game. Specifically, learners with higher visual-spatial working memory capacity demonstrated superior performance and accelerated improvement in mathematical operations within the personalized math game. Furthermore, learners with stronger task tracking, interference resistance, and task-strategy switching abilities were more likely to benefit from math games. Unlike previous studies, this research separately measured distinct components of working memory capacity and executive functions which influence the academic achievement, demonstrating the significant predictive role of visual-spatial working memory, task-shifting ability, and inhibitory control in young learners′ math game performance. These findings offer important implications for expanding understanding of individual cognitive abilities and their specific functions, refining researches on the components of working memory and executive function, and informing mathematics education practices and the design and development of math games.

Shuang Xuetao, renowned for his literary reconstructions of northeastern Chinese lived experiences in the 1990s, serves as a critical entry point for examining the contemporary upsurge of 1990s narrative. While the authentic representation of the 1990s has been foregrounded in these texts, the farewell to the 1990s is clearly articulated by the author. In Shuang′s texts, the gradually growing youthful narrator always undertakes the dual functions of retelling and bidding farewell to that history. The ″1990s″ depicted through the perspectives of the younger generation operates not as an object of nostalgia, but to some extent rather as a complex chronotope that has been reconfigured: the generational shifts have supplanted the linear progression of time, while the North-South dichotomy has reconfigured the structural perception of space. Rather than simply interpreting Shuang′s texts as elegiac invocations of the 1990s, it is more inspiring to position them as a coming-of-age narrative documenting the generational maturation within China′s post-reform literary sphere, and to regard them as materials that deepen the understanding of the current 1990s narrative.

By adopting the ″input-transformation-output″ analytical framework of systems theory and integrating it with a qualitative analysis of typical cases, this paper provides a full-chain, mechanism-based interpretation of the evolutionary process from misconduct to corruption. This process initiates with the input of diverse and composite signals of improper conduct and undergoes nonlinear transformation via three core pathways: progressive degradation under the ″broken windows effect″ and ″slippery slope″ theory; the bidirectional coupling between desire-driven motives and targeted ″hunting″; and the superimposed effect of ″institutional failure″ and ″absence of supervision.″ The ultimate output is not merely isolated corrupt acts, but rather a ″misconduct-corruption complex″ characterized by a high degree of symbiosis and covertness in terms of types, critical nodes, and means. Effectively advancing the integrated investigation and governance of misconduct and corruption requires a paradigm shift from fragmented perception to systematic integration, from end-stage punishment to process-oriented interruption, and from individual case investigation to the reconstruction of the political ecosystem.

The question of how Chinese Aesthetics is possible, raised by Professor Li Qingben, and the subsequent discussions on Chinese Aesthetics have promoted the consciousness in both disciplinary awareness and local cultural awareness in the study of Chinese aesthetics. They also reflect the particular anxiety of researchers in this field regarding the local cultural attributes of Chinese aesthetics research. Li's article proposes a solution to the question—″to be both Chinese and aesthetic.″ While this solution provides a strong argument for the disciplinary nature of Chinese Aesthetics, it also causes unnecessary confusion in the study of Chinese Aesthetics. ″″Aesthetic″ is a higher-level specification for the universal disciplinary attribute of Chinese Aesthetics, while ″Chinese″ is a lower-level definition for the unique disciplinary attribute of Chinese Aesthetics. Their logical positions cannot be described as parallel. Li's concern about the ″non-Chineseness″ in the study of Chinese Aesthetics is unnecessary. Any research that focuses on traditional and contemporary aesthetic activities and concepts in China, using the approach of philosophical analysis and generalization, can be qualified as ″Chinese Aesthetics.″ Li's article restricts ″Chinese Aesthetics″ to the ″discourse″ level, limiting the universal academic and intellectual values in the study of Chinese Aesthetics. It is neither ″to be both Chinese and aesthetic″ nor the particular perspective that tries to showcase the individuality of Chinese aesthetic and cultural identity in the world. Rather, the universal perspective of studying the common problems of human aesthetics with specific materials from Chinese aesthetics, and exploring the shared academic and intellectual values, is a better approach to addressing the question of how Chinese Aesthetics is possible.

The dilemma of affect in modern society implies its inherent emancipatory potential while also highlights the difficulty of actualizing this potential. Although affect is fundamentally opposed to the private property of civil society, in reality, civil society systematically represses affect as an intrinsic dimension of life, distorting and compressing it into collective affect and private desire that serve as ideological supplements. Following Marx′s critique, Adorno further reveals that under conditions of monopoly capitalism, affect is transformed through the mechanism of false projection into an ideological tool used by rulers to divert economic contradictions. Meanwhile, Laclau, within the context of neoliberalism, attempts to ontologically reconstruct the suturing-transgressive dimension of affect investment. However, their recourse to rational grounds once again falls into the presupposition of economic transparency, thereby continuing to confine affect as either entirely passive or possessing only limited transgressive capacity. In response, Badiou points out that modern capitalism actually operates in a religious manner, and what truly antagonizes it is affect faithful to a singular event. In this event-oriented narrative, the emancipatory potential of affect is no longer bound by rational discipline; instead, it becomes the immanent driving force of truth procedure, continually orienting toward new singular events.

Current discussions on urban residential space governance against the backdrop of housing marketization mainly remain at the level of policy implementation or technical adjustments, failing to fully recognize the fundamental role of the dual-track system in urban governance institutional construction. The dual track system is not merely an auxiliary tool for resource allocation; rather, it profoundly reshapes the structure and mechanisms of urban residential governance. The ″commercial-social integration″ dual-track synchronization model, represented by inclusionary housing, has formed a new type of institutional integration characterized by temporal intervention, authoritative leadership, institutional interconnection, and multidimensional goals. This institutional model not only achieves emphasized control over social benefit distribution, exerts strengthened regulation over market entities, and imposes reinforced control within the hierarchical system, but also highlights the systemic inadequacies of existing urban governance theories in explaining the dual-track synchronization mechanism.

The deep integration of digital technology into contemporary life, while offering distance-free and convenient communication, has led to the hollowing out of social relationships. The lack of profound emotional connections has turned ″love″ into a problem, manifesting as the loss of individual uniqueness and sensible misery. In the context of the hyper-industrial epoch, Bernard Stiegler revisits the issue of ″love″ and proposes self-love, desire, and care as remedies to contemporary sensible misery. Self-love constructs the affective structure of a political community, serving as the fundamental emotional bond connecting individuals and collectives. The belief in and desire for passionate attachment inspire the creativity of amateurs, reshaping the economy of desire through the production of spiritual values. Care triggers actions of self-love and mutual loving, endowing life with value and meaning through aesthetic participation, thus resisting nihilism. Self-love, desire, and care constitute the core of Stiegler′s ″politics of love″, providing a critical approach to the reconstruction of emotional relationships between individuals and society in the digital era through a pharmacology of sensibility.

Zheng Guanggong transformed folk balladry into a carrier of ideological enlightenment. He created columns in newspapers such as ″Kaihizilu″ and ″The Only Interesting Newspaper″, promoting its threefold transformation: on the level of dissemination, breaking through the traditional mode of printed scripts and creating a ″narrative-focused″ newspaper text format, completing the transition from stage performance to reading at the desk; in terms of themes, surpassing traditional narratives of love and customs, focusing on contemporary issues such as anti-American sentiments, reformist debates, and the suffering of the people, elevating local experiences into national discourse; and in function, integrating the realism of news, satirical critique, and the accessibility of dialects, shifting the role of balladry from mere entertainment to a tool for enlightening the people′s minds. His creations adopted a ″three-tiered″ literary form, achieving an interweaving of classical Chinese, colloquial language and Cantonese, transforming revolutionary thought into literary expressions that resonate with the masses through local folk art, forming a path of enlightenment from the local to the national. This practice showcases the creative transformation of folk literature by modern journalists in Lingnan and serves as a typical example of the ″popularization″ transformation of vernacular literature, providing a unique literary sample for understanding the ″downward penetration″ of modern ideological enlightenment in China.

Hong Kong literature contains numerous works depicting disease. Since the beginning of the twenty-first century, new-generation writers such as Hon Lai-chu and Wong Won-ha have explored urban alienation and the oppression of modern individuals under the performance-driven society through portrayals of diseases like hypersomnia, floating syndrome, and chronic fatigue syndrome—revealing, more troublingly, the self-exploitation inherent within it. Writers including Chow Man-lut, Poon Kwok-ling, and Cheung Man-wan reflect on Hong Kong′s excessive fear of infectious diseases and the anthropocentrism mirrored in culling practices through their depictions of animal diseases. Meanwhile, Lee Chi-leung and Xi Xi draw on personal experiences of disease and healthcare to examine how the modern medical system disciplines patients. With the rise of digital medical technologies, the human body has been reduced to electronic resources, further alienating doctors and patients. These works interrogate the public′s prejudice and discrimination toward disease and question the medicalization of disease and the hegemony of medical authority, aiming to help patients reclaim their sense of dignity and self.