This paper briefly introduces the development history of graph theory, analyzes the advantages of graph theory, and presents the application of graph theory in the fields of life science, social network, network security, social science, system science, traffic signal research, Chinese research, and pattern recognition

In the paper, we first introduce some structural properties of planar graphs and define some coloring of graph about vertices ( edge, or total) . Then we survey on some results of coloring of planar graphs, such as proper vertex coloring, vertex arboricity, linear vertex arboricity, equitable coloring, equitable vertex arboricity, acyclic coloring, proper edge coloring, acyclic edge coloring, strong edge coloring, ( p, q) edge labelling, adjacent vertex( sum) distinguishing edge( total) coloring, arboricity, linear arboricity, linear karboricity, total coloring and the list cases of these coloring etc.

Which graphs are determined by their spectra? ” is a fundamental question in spectral graph theory. The problem has received a lot of attention from researchers in recent years. The main purpose of this paper is to give a review of the developments on this topic in the past decade and highlight some unsolved questions in this area, and to stimulate more researches.

Chinese words segmentation is the premise and basis of Chinese information processing. This paper puts forward a method of segmentation based on part of speech tagging and sense disambiguation for ambiguity sets, which combines the advantage of method based on the dictionary and method based on statistics for Chi nese words segmentation. This method segments word based on FMM, RMM and HMM at first. Then it com pares the segmentation results with each other, and output the optimal segmentation by word information and the definition of optimal estimation function of part of speech tagging. Experimental results show that this method is able to reduce the error of sense disambiguation.

In the era of information explosion, which is fully applied in the global network, any industry is beset and influenced by public opinion. Positive public opinion can promote the rapid development of the industry, while negative public opinion will generate some resistance. The industry or industry manager is under great pressure of management efficiency in the face of the source, acquisition method, diversification and uncertainty of online public opinion. In this paper, LDA subject model and SVM classification algorithm are applied to ma chine learning and acoustic analysis, etc. , and public opinion analysis is carried out on the policy text and media text of new energy vehicles through four topics including infrastructure, application promotion, macro synthesis and industry specification, and Suggestions and countermeasures are proposed to adapt to the industry development.

FRP jacketing can be used to improve the seismic behavior of reinforced concrete columns effective ly. However, no practical method is available for predicting the failure mode of FRP jacketed concrete columns. The main factors that influence the failure mode of such columns are comprehensively analyzed. A predictive model for failure mode is then developed based on the Theory of Neural Network, and used to forecast the failure mode of 35 columns strengthened in that way. The results show that the predictions by the proposed model agree well with the experimental observations with an conformity ratio of over 90% , indicating that the model is appli cable for the prediction of the failure mode of FRP jacketed concrete columns under seismic loads.

Due to the layered and block excavation of the foundation pit in soft soil, the uplift of underlyingmetro tunnel exceeded the warning value. If the excavation continues, it would probably exceed the control val ue. So the foundation pit was backfilled and small shaft construction method was put forward for the first time. Before using the small shaft construction method, the numerical simulation of every construction condition was carried out to guide the construction, and the simulation results were compared and analyzed with the monitoringdata and the simulation results of the original excavation scheme of layer and block. The results show that the uplift curves of tunnels under different construction conditions are generally in good agreement with the monitoring data, which proves that the numerical simulation analysis in this paper is reasonable and reliable; after shifting to the small shaft construction method, the maximum uplifts of the two tunnels with respectively the values of 25 9 mm and 26 9 mm are both controlled below the control value of the adjusted tunnel deformation, which are respectively 28 8% and 26 5% less than the original scheme. This proves that the small shaft construction method is an effective excavation method to control the uplift of the underlying tunnel, and can provide reference for the design, construction and treatment of similar projects.

To analyze traffic characteristics of pedestrians and improve the management level of the customsports, a prediction model is built about demand space of pedestrians according to the data from the one customs port in Macao. The parameters of the walking behavior of pedestrian in customs port hall are calibrated by comparing the domestic research results with those in abroad. The parameter interval of social force model is acer tained by studying the space model of pedestrian demand. After that, by building the simulation model based on VISSIM software, the simulation results with parameter being calibrated are studied by regarding the auto channelization and bottleneck swing of pedestrians as measurement index. The results indicate that when the social force influence range is [ 0 31 ~ 0 45] , pedestrians oscillation phenomenon could be reduced effectively, and there is a certain squeezing effect between pedestrians, which is closer to the actual situation. Finally, we can draw a conclusion that the feasibility of this method is verified by the research results.

The grade and quantity of A level tourist attractions reflect the strength of tourism development in a region. The creation of A level tourism brands can increase the governments tourism revenue, reify tourism functions, promote employment opportunities and improve peoples livelihood; achieve regional comprehensive development, display local image and build local brands. Using GIS spatial analysis tools, 358 A level tourist attractions in Guangdong Province were analyzed quantitatively. The spatial distribution characteristics of A level tourist attractions in Guangdong Province were discussed by selecting the nearest point index, geographical concentration index and Gini coefficient. The results show that: ① the spatial distribution of scenic spots is obvious, mainly concentrated in Guangzhou, Meizhou, Huizhou, Shaoguan, Qingyuan, Foshan and Dongguan;② the scenic spots present the uneven characteristics of central agglomeration, concentrated in the Pearl River Delta and on the vertical axis of the center of Yuebei, the density of distribution in the east of Guangdong and Guangdong is not high; ③ there are obvious differences in the distribution of different levels of scenic spots; ④Social economy, population distribution, tourism resources, traffic conditions and other factors affect the spatial distribution of A level tourist attractions in Guangdong province.

From the view point of CPTED( Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design) theory, this paper reviewed the history of the development of visual surveillance and discussed the importance of visual design and visual design strategy in CPTED. Then by taking the Easy Crime Space in the community of Moorabbin Junction in Melbourne as an example, the visual transformation was carried out in this area based on the analysis of visual deficiency factors. Finally, according to the underdeveloped status of the CPTED visual design in practice, some suggestions are put forward to promote public safety, alleviate pressure of urban management and maintain harmonious urban development.

To date, only 180 galaxies are detected with H2 O maser emission in more than 5 000 targeted galax ies. Active galactic nucleus ( AGN) are believed the energy source that stimulate the H2 O maser emission. So, the infrared emission from the AGN may be connected with the maser production. In this paper, the middle in frared ( MIR) luminosity and spectral indices of the sample are calculated by using the Spitzer photometric data( 3 6 μm? 45 μm? 5 8 μm? 80 μm and 240 μm) . Through statistic and comparative analysis on the MIR luminosity at each band, spectral indices and the spectral energy distribution for H2 O masers and nonH2 O maser sample ( without detected H2 O maser emission) , the results show: ① H2 O masers tend to have higher MIR luminosity than nonH2 O masers, especially at 240 μm band. ② There are no significant difference in spectralindices and spectral energy distribution between H2 O masers and nonH2 O masers. ③ The masers emission is not correlated with the MIR emission of its host galaxy. These results should provide possible constraints on the sample selection for the future water maser surveys.

In this paper, we study some dynamic properties of cournot mapping Φ( x, y) = ( f ( y) , g ( x) )( where f: Y→X, g: X→Y are continuous) . We obtain the following conclusions: Φ has the pseudo orbitshado wing property if and only if f °g and g °f have the pseudo orbit shadowing property; Φ has the average shado wing property if and only if f °g and g ° f have the average shadowing property; Φ is chain mixing if and only if f g and g  f are chain mixing.

In this paper, based on basic theory of differential geometry, a definition of driver response shape asymptotic synchronization is proposed for a class of two dimensional chaotic system. First, combining Lyapunov stability theory and shape synchronization error, a shape asymptotic synchronization controller is designed. It can be demonstrated that the shape of driver system and response system are able to achieve shape asymptotic synchronization by proposed controller. Then, by utilizing characteristic of shape synchronization, new confidentiality communication scheme with shape synchronization is developed based on chaotic cover technology. Final ly, the simulation is given to verify the effectiveness of shape asymptotic synchronization control and its application in confidentiality communication.