二战结束后,联合国人权委员会开始着手起草国际人权公约。20世纪50年代初期,美国政府对国际人权公约的政策发生了较大的变化。杜鲁门政府时期,美国对国际人权公约基本上持积极态度,主张尊重联合国大多数成员国的意见,不回避签署单一的人权公约。而艾森豪威尔政府时期,美国以国际人权公约与美国宪法基本精神存在差异为由宣布暂不批准该公约。美国对国际人权公约持保留态度的根本原因在于国际社会对人权的不同诉求。
Abstract
U.N.commenced drawing up the draft United Nations Covenants on Human Rights after World War II. In 1950s, the US greatly changed its policy towards the International Human Rights Convention. During Truman Administration,US had held positive attitude toward United Nations Covenants on Human Rights and respected the mainstream view of membership in UN.However,during Eisenhower Administration,US refused to ratify United Nations Covenants on Human Rights because there was divergence between the Covenant and the US constitution. The reason why the US reserved its rights to ratify the Covenant is that different nations have different demands for human rights.
关键词
国际人权公约草案 /
杜鲁门政府 /
艾森豪威尔政府 /
布里克建议
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Key words
United Nations Covenants on Human Rights /
Truman Administion /
Eisenhower Administration /
Brickers proposal
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参考文献
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脚注
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基金
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(11JJD770010)
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