文本解读是人文学科的基本方法，文学阐释的很大一部分是对文学文本的 阐释。“积极的阐释”与“消极的阐释”是文学阐释的两种理论姿态。“积极的阐释”频繁 出场不仅是由于现代阐释学的转向，而且与理论的推动存在密切关系。文学之所以成为 “积极的阐释”最为活跃的一个区域，很大程度上是因为阐释的理性语言与感性体验不对 称。“积极的阐释”放弃文本的有机整体观念，并时常跨越审美愉悦的羁绊而另行制造各 种新的话题。“历史语境”既是阐释发生变化的依据，也是阐释稳定持续的依据。多数 “积极的阐释”作为失败的思想实验而沉没，而少数“积极的阐释”则可能充当某种文化革 命的先声。

The object of interpretation is the text. Textual interpretation is the basic method of the humanities, and a large part of literary interpretation is conducted in this way. ″Positive interpretation″ and ″negative interpretation″ are two theoretical perspectives of literary interpretation. The frequent adoption of ″positive interpretation″ is not only due to the turn of modern hermeneutics, but also closely related to the impetus of theory. The reason why literature has become the most active area of ″positive interpretation″ is largely because of the asymmetry between the rational language of interpretation and the sensual experience. Abandoning the concept of the organic whole of the text, ″active interpretation″ often transcends the constraints of aesthetic pleasure and creates various new topics. How to understand the problem of relativism in interpretation? The ″historical context″ is both the basis for changes in interpretation and the basis for its stability and continuity. Most of the ″ positive interpretations″ fade away as failed thought experiments, while a few ″positive interpretations″ may serve as the pioneers of some cultural revolution.