中国共产党自成立以来便力图推动中国社会从传统向现代转型,推进乡村治理法治化是其中重要一环。改革开放以来,国家实施“送法下乡”,建立基层司法机构,培育村民法治思维,维护乡村治理秩序。近年来,“送法下乡”从“建制性嵌入”转向“专业化嵌入”,“律师下乡”成为以法治保障社会治理的关键抓手,作为中国国家治理的创新举措走上历史舞台。国家权力以“嵌入式引领”,即通过“党团工作覆盖”“制定规范指引”“营造官司市场”等方式推进组织嵌入、价值嵌入和利益嵌入,建构“律师下乡”的政治性、专业性和激励性,引领执业律师推动国家法律进入乡村,助力乡村源头化解矛盾纠纷及依法维权,消解“闹大”认知和机会主义,转向法治思维、合法表达和规则意识,促进自治、德治与法治的有机融合,彰显了“律师下乡”制度创设的治理效能,为观察中国共产党推进乡村治理法治化提供了新场域。

Since the founding of the Communist Party of China,it has been trying to promote the transformation of Chinese society from traditional to modern,with promotion of rule of law in rural governance as an important part. Since the reform and opening up,China has implemented the policy of ″sending law to the countryside″,established basic judicial institutions,cultivated villagers′ legal thinking,and maintained the order of rural governance. In recent years, ″sending law to the countryside″ has changed from ″institutional embeddedness″ to ″professional embeddedness″, and ″lawyers going to the countryside″ has become a key tool to ensure social governance by law, and has entered the historical stage as an innovative measure of China′s national governance. State power, through the ″embedded leadership″, namely, through ″Party and Youth League work coverage″, ″formulating normative guidelines″, ″creating a lawsuit market″ and other methods, promotes the organizational embedding, value embedding and interest embedding, constructs the political, professional and incentive nature of ″lawyers going to the countryside″, leads professional lawyers to promote the entry of national laws into the countryside, helps resolve conflicts and disputes at the source of the countryside and safeguard rights according to law, eliminates the cognition of ″making a big fuss″ and opportunism, turns to legal thinking, legal expression and rule awareness, promotes the organic integration of self-governance, moral governance and rule of law, and demonstrates the governance effectiveness of the ″lawyers going to the countryside″ system, providing a new field for observing the Chinese Communist Party′s promotion of the rule of law in rural governance.